New construction starts in October dropped 9 percent to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of $742.9 billion, pulling back after a 14 percent jump in September, according to Dodge Data & Analytics. 

Over the past two months the pattern for total construction starts was shaped by nonresidential building, which fell 30 percent in October after soaring 37 percent in September. Although nonresidential building in October did include the start of several very large projects, led by the $1.1 billion new ballpark for the Texas Rangers in Arlington, Texas, they were not the same magnitude as the three exceptionally large projects entered as September starts – a $6.0 billion ethane cracker plant in Pennsylvania, the $4.0 billion Delta Airlines terminal facility at LaGuardia Airport and the $1.7 billion 50 Hudson Yards office tower, both in New York. 

Residential building in October slipped 1 percent due to a slower pace for multifamily housing. Running counter was a sharp 27 percent increase for nonbuilding construction, which was lifted by the start of the $3.0 billion expansion of the Atlantic Sunrise natural gas pipeline in Pennsylvania and Virginia. For the first ten months of 2017, total construction starts on an unadjusted basis were $631.2 billion, up 1 percent from the same period a year ago. The year-to-date gain for total construction was restrained by a 38 percent drop for the electric utility/gas plant category. If the electric utility/gas plant category is excluded, total construction starts during the first ten months of 2017 would be up 4 percent relative to the same period a year ago.

October’s data lowered the Dodge Index to 157 (2000=100), compared to a revised 173 for September which was the highest reading so far in 2017.  “The construction start statistics have occasionally been subject to ‘spikes’ on a monthly basis, boosted by the presence of several unusually large projects, and September definitely qualified as one of those ‘spikes’,” stated Robert A. Murray, chief economist for Dodge Data & Analytics.  “The pace for nonresidential building in September was unsustainably high, so October’s decline was expected.  Nonresidential building is still on track to show moderate growth for 2017 as a whole, helping to keep the expansion for overall construction activity going.  On the residential side, multifamily housing is retreating from a very strong 2016, but to this point the retreat has been modest.  And, the downward pull coming from nonbuilding construction appears to be easing, given the ongoing strength shown by pipeline projects and some recent improvement by highways, bridges, and mass transit.”

Nonresidential building in October was $258.7 billion (annual rate), down 30 percent after the 37 percent hike reported in September. The manufacturing building category dropped 67 percent following its six-fold jump in September that featured the start of the $6.0 billion ethane cracker plant in Pennsylvania. October did include several large manufacturing plants, such as a $675 million polyethylene production plant and a $450 million oil refinery, both located in Texas, but they were not close to matching the size of September’s ethane cracker plant. The institutional categories as a group in October fell 36 percent following a 25 percent increase in September that featured the start of the $4.0 billion Delta terminal at LaGuardia Airport. Transportation terminal work was down 82 percent in October, and declines were also reported for educational and healthcare facilities. The educational facilities category dropped 29 percent in October, despite the start of such projects as a $180 million building renovation at the University of Connecticut in Storrs Mansfield, Conn., a $134 million innovation complex in Providence, R.I. and a $101 million high school in Little Rock, Ark. Healthcare facilities fell 21 percent in October, as only two projects valued at $100 million or more reached groundbreaking, compared to four projects during September. On the plus side, the amusement and recreational category soared 121 percent in October, featuring the start of the $1.1 billion retractable roof ballpark for the Texas Rangers in Arlington, Texas and a $240 million expansion to the Lexington Convention Center in Lexington, Ky. October gains were also reported for religious buildings, up 20 percent; and public buildings (courthouses and detention facilities), up 15 percent.

The commercial categories as a group were able to advance 10 percent in October, even with a 14 percent retreat for office buildings from September that included the $1.7 billion 50 Hudson Yards project in N.Y. The decline for the office building category was limited by the October groundbreaking for several noteworthy projects, including the $440 million State Farm Park Center office complex in Dunwoody, Ga., the $331 million office portion of the $570 million Rainier Square mixed-use building in Seattle and a $150 million data center in Allen, Texas. Store construction in October improved 34 percent from a subdued September, while new warehouse construction grew 27 percent with the help of a $235 million warehouse building in Staten Island, N.Y. and five Amazon distribution centers located in North Randall, Ohio ($177 million), Orlando, Florida ($132 million), Thornton, Colorado ($107 million), Portland, Oregon ($85 million), and Troutdale, Oregon ($64 million). Hotel construction in October strengthened 32 percent, with the boost coming from the start of a $170 million hotel in N.Y., the $148 million expansion of the Pala Casino Spa and Resort in Pala, Calif., and a $90 million renovation project at the Flamingo Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Residential building in October receded 1 percent to $295.9 billion (annual rate), continuing to hover within the narrow range that’s been reported for the past six months. Multifamily housing dropped 3 percent in October, as there were four large multifamily projects valued each at $100 million or more that reached groundbreaking compared to seven such projects in September. The large October multifamily projects were a $445 million multifamily building in New York, N.Y., a $150 million apartment complex in Newport Beach, California, the $138 million multifamily portion of the Rainier Square mixed-use development in Seattle, Washington, and the $115 million River Landing apartment complex in Miami, Florida. In October, the top five metropolitan markets ranked by the dollar amount of multifamily starts were – New York, N.Y., Miami, Washington D.C., Seattle, and Los Angeles. During the first ten months of 2017, the top five markets ranked by the dollar amount of multifamily starts, with their percent change from a year ago, were – New York, New York, down 1 percent; Los Angeles, down 13 percent; Chicago, down 23 percent; Washington D.C., down 13 percent; and Atlanta, up 26 percent.  Metropolitan areas ranked 6 through 10 during the first ten months of 2017 were San Francisco, down 2 percent; Miami, , down 50 percent; Boston, down 20 percent; Seattle, down 20 percent; and Dallas-Ft. Worth, down 37 percent. Single family housing held steady in October, continuing to stabilize after losing momentum in early summer. During the first ten months of 2017, the pattern by five major regions for the dollar amount of single family housing was the following – the South Atlantic, up 11 percent; the South Central, up 8 percent; the West, up 7 percent; the Midwest, up 5 percent; and the Northeast, down 1 percent.

Nonbuilding construction in October was $188.2 billion (annual rate), up 27 percent from the previous month. The public works categories as a group climbed 51 percent, with the boost coming from a 506 percent surge for the miscellaneous public works category that includes such diverse project types as pipelines, mass transit, and site work.  The largest miscellaneous public works project entered as an October start was the $3.0 billion expansion to the Atlantic Sunrise natural gas pipeline in Pennsylvania and Virginia.  Also entered as an October start was the $750 million Epic natural gas pipeline in Texas. During the first ten months of 2017, natural gas and petroleum pipeline starts were reported at $20.2 billion, up 83 percent from the same period a year ago. Also boosting the miscellaneous public works category in October was the $825 million airport guideway and rail station project in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, the $477 million Canarsie Tunnel rehabilitation project in New York N.Y., and a $444 million portion of California’s high-speed rail project in the Bakersfield-Visalia area. If the miscellaneous public works category is excluded, the remaining public works categories as a group would have been down 9 percent in October, as the result of a 13 percent drop for highway and bridge construction as well as a 46 percent plunge for sewer construction. Despite the decline, highway and bridge construction in October did see the start of several noteworthy projects, including the $756 million Chesapeake Bay Bridge Parallel Tunnel in Virginia Beach, V.A., and a $259 million highway construction project in Houston. During the first ten months of 2017, the top five states in terms of the dollar amount of highway and bridge construction starts were – Texas, California, Florida, Pennsylvania, and New York.  States ranked 6 through 10 were – Virginia, Ohio, North Carolina, Georgia and Illinois. On the plus side for public works construction in October were gains for river/harbor development, up 35 percent; and water supply construction, up 21 percent.  The electric power and gas plant category in October dropped 55 percent, retreating sharply after a moderate 10 percent gain in September. Large power plant projects that reached the construction start stage in October were led by two wind farms in Texas, valued at $330 million and $250 million respectively.

Conclusion

The 1 percent increase for total construction starts on an unadjusted basis during the first ten months of 2017 was due to mixed behavior by the three major construction sectors. Nonresidential building increased 8 percent year-to-date, with institutional building up 18 percent while commercial building slipped 7 percent. The manufacturing building category was up 31 percent so far in 2017, aided by this year’s rebound for petrochemical plant starts.  Residential building grew 1 percent year-to-date, with an 8 percent gain for single family housing slightly outweighing a 13 percent drop for multifamily housing. Nonbuilding construction year-to-date fell 7 percent, the result of a 5 percent rise for public works and a 38 percent drop for electric utilities/gas plants. By region, total construction starts during the January-October period of 2017 revealed this pattern compared to a year ago – the Northeast, up 23 percent; the South Atlantic, up 3 percent; the West, up 2 percent; the South Central, down 5 percent; and the Midwest, down 12 percent. The 5 percent decline in the South Central reflected in part the comparison to last year that included $6.2 billion for two liquefied natural gas terminals, while the 12 percent decline in the Midwest reflected in part the comparison to last year that included the $3.8 billion Dakota Access pipeline and Chicago’s $900 million Wanda Vista tower.